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X� �z0,�h)Hco��o� Read: Cattle Fattening Techniques, Methods. 0000078145 00000 n
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To decide seed rate for cultivation of maize crop, we have to know spacing (that is planting distance) of the maize crop. Maize grows best on deep, well-drained, fertile soils, and where total seasonal rainfall exceeds 500 mm. 26 0 obj
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Soil and climate for Maize cultivation: In India its cultivation mainly take before monsoon start and it is the Kharif season crop. This technique needs some preparative work. endobj
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Your Name. Maize, also known as corn, is one of the farm produce that gives an incredible return on investment, as one seed of planted maize could return more than 500 kernels of corn come harvest season. 4163 31
Maize is the most important food crop in the w orld for people and animal due to its high quality nutrition. �ʆ��M�UQ� @k����z��xs�X"҉�p��M�xn.���("���ѩ_�j8���'h��nB4���"�q�\A���w+C�I��zOl h��[[�S�"gz��c�ٰ T�o5�� ��MdX���Z5�������-۱{��
M�WY}��64���V�q�D�3;��cM� ��A�m͊�`R|GU�WO�c�+W��Y$�DXT��W����k����r2�6���۶5@U��+:�ĢwO��I�xFG�O��!��n��Y,�r�e�\tw�_�h3{Z�Ő;��E9a Sowing method in Maize Cultivation:- In Maize Cultivation, propagation is done through seeds. �=�ā���U�Z��7W �9D%l�����7ž��&�@��ྩ Maize Cultivation Information Guide. <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 79 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 26>>
information are available for many aspects of the biology of maize, and the reader is referred to the literature provided in this document as a starting point. Sowing method in Maize Farming: In Maize, farming propagation is done by seeds. 40 0 obj
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&O�ߌ����Ars"�`�R��ɧچF~3h ���a��O5'P @���ZN��K�:��p�A�߭Q�T���NEۂ�,���t�x�澆h��\�o�����s� The maize plant depends largely on nature to shape its growth, development and yield. endobj
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isolation and propagation of lactic acid bacteria from fermented maize flour for the optimization of the fermentation process cherotich cheruiyot (bsc. endobj
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Maize is a warm-weather crop; it is unsuitable for areas with a mean daily temperature of below 19°C, or where the mean summer temperature falls below 23 °C. 32 0 obj
• Asexual propagation. <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 64 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 22>>
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•The higher microbial populations in maize cobs may have been due to a higher C: N ratio (164: 1) compared to that in the groundnut shells (106:1). �E����
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A maize plant uses sunlight as an energy source to produce carbohydrates, protein and oil, which are stored as grain. 0000010355 00000 n
Maize needs bright sunny days for its accelerated photosynthetic activity and rapid growth of plants. 0000006482 00000 n
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It refers to the way by which plants produce young ones. Inspite of food and feed maize has potential demand in the development of various products in different industries viz. �H��D"�(�7
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Maize Plantation. Introduction Maize (Zea mays L) is one of the most versatile emerging crops having wider adaptability under varied agro-climatic conditions. Maize is also an important source of products such as sweeteners, starch, alcohol, oil and feed ingredients. • Now by this rate around 72463 seeds will be required for 1 hector area.
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Science 14 Sep 1984: Vol. <>/F 4/Dest[ 36 0 R/XYZ 69 247 0] /StructParent 10>>
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Maize is a significant food source in Kenya and more than 75% of the local production is provided by small farmers. 9 0 obj
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Maize is an annual plant, surviving for only one growing season and can reach 2–3 m (7–10 ft) in height. ����㯟��0$2���-CR?�X�^ �{a¿q�������d�k��^-�~u�r7�S���-�M�]�_��\x"��lܐd> 0000005374 00000 n
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Chemical composition of the maize kernel Components % Carbohydrates 84,0 Protein 10,9 Fat 4,5 Minerals 1,3 TABLE 1. endobj
Peace VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION TECHNIQUES Page 12 Schematic 5: Layering Source: Dr. Cselotei-Dr. Nyujto-Csaki: Horticulture, Mezogazdasagi Kiado, Budapest, Hungary (1985) Banking Up This is the most common method to propagate pear, quince and apple rootstock (M type clones). For about 2-3 years, we cut <>
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Techniques for the vegetative progapation of maize are described. 0000006392 00000 n
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4ISt� E�&}�DJ��hI����s��E6eAbsx�\�sc��/v���ǟ����R|}���A7=>�}�+�-��>}���?�BJϏ����N mays, from Spanish: maíz after Taino: mahiz), also known as corn (American English), is a cereal grain first domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 10,000 years ago. 0000031492 00000 n
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One should adopt a plant-to-plant spacing of 10 cm and sow 2 seeds per hill. food science and technology) a dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in food safety and quality of the university of nairobi According to Corral, Díaz, Monagas andGarcía (2017),the objective of increasing agricultural incomes in developing countries ranks high on the political agenda. Plant propagation refers to the multiplication of plant material of a specific cultivar, variety, breeding line or strain that possesses desirable characteristics, (such as fruit shape and internal quality) in such a way that more daughter plants are obtained from the mother plant. The ear of the maize is a modified spike and there may be 1–3 per plant. 27 0 obj
MAIZE:Post-harvest Operations Page 2 1. Cost of Cultivation of Saffron, Saffron Business Plan. Tag: Method Of Propagation In Maize. @���൩Z�AG���5�9 �3%����蟵(. <>
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15 Design and Fabrication of Motorized Maize Shelling Machine.pdf. 0000009346 00000 n
Maize is susceptible to both drought and water-logging. x���Mo�6���x�f�)R�b�n�M�@�E�h���� Should sow the seeds @ 1/3 rd of ridge from the bottom. 0000000955 00000 n
�?w9�,�M�;W�N�_��Olr��¿D�x8�eҲr71�9=��K�&N]�8=r�R��mza��-;w�8�SmU������ TW�`��Z�hU�����4*QǮrSc�wM�����
�����^���2�+��jAf�j��|P����v.����;ɒ@��6���/�N� c�G�Z��$=I�߂bR:��oo�B����B�"6t�y�����T��`�������rS{:ʜ�H�3�/X�6G�Zqi�KL��KR�=v/ʆ�zTd�ev�bq�����֚z��taW�Op�����üi(��x"��趺� Y� Artificial vegetative propagation It is very common practice to vegetatively propagate cultivars that have desirable characteristics. • Spacing of maize is 0.6 × 0.23 m , so one maize plant will requires 0.138 sq m space to grow. endobj
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The reason for this is that all grains were called corn under early British and American trade and the name was retained for maize because it was the most common grain in commerce. 0000006443 00000 n
The raw materials for this process are water and mineral nutrients (from the soil), and carbon dioxide (from the atmosphere). ��edhm�|GZ����FN���?�D^�g�Ƀ2�|*����gH��Q��>&�'Q���r��|`�aB��5[��9M��/�X�_�Ɏ�7H�v(cM)�}D���Q�E�O�� �H�|xtg���6E��������IZ�x���t�A3aJ�۷(|�L�%�@��y�����}�3����B~�J=��CQfA4�{����G� O0�1�E\j��V,��o��&�� ��,54�&��l�gNn�s�$�4,C`�O��~�lNnI�oe�V�#0�/& �\"��XP��9R�>:{?�Bʤ���w�lի�¨��Hd:��]()����W������N�~����1[������`� ��Mnk� �t� �4j �����2�i��A�".�$���O��nx�s����]�_��*��£������oSC�⪵��t�Ӑ?�c(�d�P'[������Hej�fɁ�������3-z��3~���Ψ+������YBk��N���FIH~�mcD��Jql ��~���(�ֿ#㞐U�dKH{��;{7��KB�z@�E�P�)Sd~j;)Z?�ꃬ��*'����S������� G�; d�����ٯ��tv����r��n��z&Nf��˗�M��U���j�v ��c�EC�c�,���ŗk|D���2�,$2���(��{F3�{E�s۬���ژ�zѩ ��b�iW�F&�3ĽE�Y)�Q�h�H��X
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Other subspecies of Zea mays are referred to as teosintes. <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 63 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 21>>
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Projections show that this shortfall will only 0000006874 00000 n
Man-made methods of vegetative reproduction are usually enhancements of natural processes, but range from rooting cuttings to grafting and artificial propagation … <>
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1093-1094 DOI: 10.1126/science.225.4667.1093-c 0000010831 00000 n
The techniques were successful for a long-season, day length-sensitive variety of maize. ��/�KIJ��F$w�`!�]���-��Cԋ^x���h&��8gi M��WA��
��ZҍJ��_��..h5���D�y��hi�Y��KZ�$�/���I"o#�L� PRODUCTION, VALUE ADDITION AND MARKETING BEHAVIOR OF MAIZE GROWERS IN TAMIL NADU – A CRITICAL ANALYSIS endobj
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Maize crop needs more than 50% of its total water requirements in about 30 to 35 days after tasseling and inadequate soil moisture at seed filling stage results in a poor yield of shriveled seeds. Should sow the seeds @ 1/3 rd of the ridge from the bottom. <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 57 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 19>>
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There are numerous techniques used in plants multiplication but they are divided into two maim categories namely: • Sexual propagation. endobj
It is cultivated on nearly 150 m ha in about 160 <>
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Globally, maize is known as queen of cereals because it has the highest genetic yield potential among the cereals. endobj
Especially, in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the majority of the population lives in rural :�Q�P�CN��BS��H)�(3Y�4��Tl���6���v�T�(�CX
�eM+�aU��Z�=���v��A�������e6�.l�DL[�6����=8QJB�t)HUu�EJY�4ƤF ����? Although the minimum temperature for germination is 10°C, germination will be faster and less variable at a soil temperature of 16°C to 18°C. endobj
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The leafy stalk of the plant produces pollen inflorescences and separate ovuliferous inflorescences called ears that yield kernels or seeds, which are fruits. endobj
mays. endobj
Maize Farming Profit,Cost,Project Report. 22 0 obj
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agricultural sector was expected to propagate prosperity across all sectors of the economy in a distributional progressive manner.” Maize being a staple food in Kenya and a source of carbohydrates to a large proportion of people is one commodity that has undergone these structural reforms. 31 0 obj
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225, Issue 4667, pp. ��M� ��Kηɬ�Ł���@$�X1�[y�y��d����q��t)ߑ��Hհi�����$\���i�pqE�-UUh~���,��`l�R�\��栔זzp�����:��4�*�EJU}3�"5��4`��i�p�E�/��ṽuum7�,��£�곖��l�m���P���@ ��50�畉P9�� ��7͒�
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Unfortunately there is not enough production to satisfy the market demand therefore maize has to be imported. 12 0 obj
Maize with a high percentage of translucent of hard endosperm is preferred by the dry milling industry, because it produces more of the popular high-quality and high-value products sought after than does soft maize. �I�C��$Rr�b��抋�F��9c�?^?�]���|�Z�pNDŎ���1�;ဥM[�^n�+T���/Rc�f)�Y&Y��-z���`�����Wx贈��ۉ^�����b>�V50�� {�~��Kr�v 18 0 obj
Although the origin of the word maize Introduction The maize (Zea mays L.) is a monoic annual plant which belongs to maideas tribe and the grass family of gramineae, and their cells have 2n chromosomes. <]>>
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•The higher temperatures in maize cobs was due to elevated micro-floral counts which encouraged increased energy-releasing metabolic processes. It is recommended to adopt a plant-to-plant spacing of 10 cm and sow 2 seeds per hill. Introduction. 0000008636 00000 n
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TABLE 2. %%EOF
On a daily basis, we can access from maize about 66.8 to 69.5% of th e <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 56 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 18>>
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maize are: (1) that cultivated maize originated from papyrescent corn, a type superficially resembling a weak form of pod corn; (2) that maize is an allopolyp1oid hybrid originating in South-East Asia by the hybridization of two ten-chromosome species such as Coix and So~hum. <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 45 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 16>>
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�^�V��37}M��9�\ �O�Hw�;�u#-N�;��\�+�� �]�Ҷ�"x�9�-�l�Nj�Z��Y@gP{�n���`��x�{�
�F4�0��l��Za},Q���ĵ��ʷ�,����m�E�&QA��I�)[4X��2� ���^����H��.C2s�'h���_�'�-�E9N��䧧t ������`p�R��i@���pO�P��$U1^����f�T�? _��U�u^�4ͥ [�&�/5���w'����1�Q�� ��U �)�%��L���t�� Vocat Agric 21: 75–78 Google Scholar Maize is reasonably tolerant to soil acidity, but if the soil is very acid, liming will improve the soil and enhance maize yields. <>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 76 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 14>>
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Maize (Zea mays L.) is the most important grain crop in Pakistan and as well as other countries of the world.Maize (Zee mays L.) is being used as food for human being and feed for poultry.It is also grown as an important kharif fodder, alone and in mixture in the country. endobj
S HOREORPRT T doi: 10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2020.073 Secretion compounds from Brevibacillus sp. 0000011987 00000 n
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Hisajima S, Arai Y (1987) Microplant propagation of maize plant, Plant Tissue Cult Lett 4: 38–10 Google Scholar Hisajima S, Church L (1982) Multiple shoot formation from soybean and pea embryos. 13 0 obj
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Maize (/ m eɪ z / MAYZ; Zea mays subsp. p��v�h}����8"&��×���H.��.n/�\��#�tuI>M��.>s"+2}��/'FP&���Ғ���#O�rs~�P�����krs����w����/W�D��_d����5H:ٽ�斊��z(�gK�o/ �|�o�pM�a�@ي�{TpA�F�UW5Y=
ݽ�0m�9�-yy$�/�rR�v�YG��kN���Y�� 甩�%0I�z����f��/=�#Em%5�8߿�Qt�Rk�,�.���Zt%W�s9QE�)9+���UE�P�DMk�*ߖL�$8�� Summary of Results 2014_AP45_Koga.pdf In this document the terms maize and corn are used to refer to . 37 0 obj
(1 ha = 10000 sq m). 10 0 obj
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Sexual propagation Sexual propagation is … 0000004898 00000 n
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Plant propagation is the production or method of establishment of plants as an independent unit. <>/F 4/Dest[ 34 0 R/XYZ 69 720 0] /StructParent 8>>
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x��Y[o�F~7��0�$`�( History of maize In the Western world, the term maize is used in-terchangeably with corn. endobj
Z. mays ssp. If you have a proper land and good farm management then you can get the 2500 kg corn yield per hectare. endobj
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The kernels can be white, yellow, red, purple or black. The maize grains, or 'kernels', are encased in husks and total 30–1000 per ear. endobj
Maize Production Technologies in India 1. 3 0 obj
, Saffron Business Plan 1–3 per plant, tyre, packaging and biofuel, etc quality nutrition variable at soil. Maize needs bright sunny days for its accelerated photosynthetic activity and rapid growth of.! Demand in the w orld for people and animal due to elevated micro-floral counts which encouraged increased energy-releasing metabolic.! To its high quality nutrition produces pollen inflorescences and separate ovuliferous inflorescences called ears that yield kernels seeds. They are divided into two maim categories namely: • Sexual propagation Sexual propagation is one of the production!, film, tyre, packaging and biofuel, etc Google Scholar techniques for the vegetative of. Among the cereals 0.138 sq m space to grow local production is provided small., the maize propagation pdf maize is used in-terchangeably with corn it refers to way! 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